Author: Samiyev, Ozod Fazliddin o‘g‘li

Annotation: This article analyzes the strategic and economic importance of the Amu Darya River in the agricultural development of Central Asia and Afghanistan during the Russian Empire. Based on historical documents, maps, and statistical data, it explores the irrigation systems established using the river’s water—such as the Karshi Main Canal, Turtkul Canal, and Chimboy Canal—which led to the expansion of cotton cultivation in the region. The article also discusses long-term ecological consequences, including the drying of the Aral Sea, and presents scientific insights and scholarly perspectives on the historical dynamics of these processes.

Keywords: Amu Darya, Tsarist Russia, Irrigation system, Cotton cultivation, Karshi main canal, Turtkul canal, Chimboy canal, Aral Sea problem.

Pages in journal: 556 - 560