Author: Abdumutalipov, S.; Abdunabiev, S.

Annotation: This study is important because Arabic is one of the world's key languages, spoken in over 20 countries. However, its development and differences have not been thoroughly studied. This paper provides a comparative analysis of five major Arabic dialects: Egyptian, Levantine, Arabian, Maghrebi, and Masopotamian. The article primarily analyzes the phonetic, morphological, and lexical differences between the dialects, and also draws on Bourdieu's sociolinguistic insights. The study demonstrated that dialects differ far more profoundly than simply on accents. The influence of Islam and the Quran on the formation of Classical Arabic, giving it a form of cultural authority, has also been highlighted. This process cemented Fuskha (Classical Arabic) as the highest form of legitimate language and a tool for distributing cultural capital, which determines access to high positions such as scholars, judges, and teachers.

Keywords: Fuskha, sociolinguistics, Pierre Bourdieu, Islam and the Quran, legitimate language, Arabic dialects.

Pages in journal: 181 - 190