Author: Pulatov, Sherdor Nematjonovich

Annotation: This article studies the formation, development and long historical evolution of the educational systems of Ancient China and Ancient India, two great centers of ancient Eastern civilizations, based on comparative analysis. Indian educational institutions such as Gurukul, Ashrama, Vedic schools, Takshaila, Nalanda, and the main structures of the Chinese educational system such as Confucianism, Taoism, the Keju examination system, and Shuyuan academies are interpreted based on historical sources, philosophical texts, and modern comparative pedagogical approaches. The article sheds light on the spiritual, metaphysical, ethical, epistemological, and social essence of education in both cultures, scientifically substantiates its role in personal development, its strategic tasks in political and state management, the history of the idea of ​​meritocracy, and its impact on today's education systems. The meritocratic examination system of Ancient China and the guru-disciple model of India are analyzed as approaches that are relevant for modern pedagogy. At the end of the article, conclusions are drawn for modern education based on the common and different aspects of both educational systems.

Keywords: Ancient China, Ancient India, gurukul, Ashrama, keju, Confucianism, Buddhist education, Vedic schools, meritocracy, Shuyuan, pedagogical evolution.

Pages in journal: 786 - 792